Amount of Production; Our country produces about 460 ton of the world production of pear and it comes fifth after China , USA ,İtaly and Argentina in the production.
Soil and Climate Requirements; Thanks to the good adaptation ability, pear has a chance to grow in different ecological parts of our country. Pear is less resistant to colds than apple and requires warmer climates It isn't appropriate for heavy, airless alkali soils with high rates of lime. Deep, organic material-rich and permeable soils should be preferred. Total cooling requirements of pears under 7,2 C0 change between 800 to 1200 hours. Early species requiring low cooling are planted in 300-800 m altitude areas of Aegean and Mediterranean while other species are planted in passing and internal areas.
Use of Rootstock; With the use of dwarf and semi-dwarf clone rootstocks such as BA -29, OHF-333, MC, Quince-A, Sydo, Farold 40, Farold 69 and Pyro- Dwarf developed in recent years, dense planting of pear stocks are widely preferred in the farms with different soil and ecological types. In selecting the rootstock to be used and species to be grown, soil analysis and climatic data of the relevant area must be obtained. Planting a farm in 4x1,2m and 4x1,5m on dwarf rootstocks, 5x2,5-5x3m in semi-dwarf rootstocks, 6x6 m for generative pears, 4x3m gaps for generative quinces.
Important Species and Selection of Species; Akça, Etruska, June Beauty, Santa Maria, Williams, Kiefer, Abate Fetel, Comice, Conference, Beurre Hardy, Passe Cressane, Ankara and Deveci are important pear species.
It is important to have the early, fall and winter species together in certain amounts and consider the winter colds of species. Since the pear species don't adopt to each other, 10 to 15% fertilizing species should be planted.
Cultivation System; Peak branches, modified leader, funicle cultivation systems are preferred in pear growing. Dense planting gardens are established for pears as in apples with the application of funicle cultivation system and wired support system by preferring 4-4,5m between lines and 1,2-1,5m gaps on a line for those on the semi-dwarf rootstocks.
Diseases and Pests; Fire blight, powdery mildew, gymnosporangium are important pear diseases. Fire blight disease caused by ervinia amylovor bacteria is the most important element restricting the pear growing. In locations with high rates of this disease, resistant or partly resistant species should be preferred and pear origin rootstocks should be used instead of the quince origin ones.
Important pear pests are pear worm, pear leaf bug, pear leech and cochineals.
